They can also be useful for showing how subsets within a larger set are differentiated.
Venn Diagrams aren’t just used to show slight overlaps. The diagram below was an early logo for Rap Genius that depicted its offering as being “Wikipedia meets Rap Lyrics meets Urban Dictionary.” Cylinder Venn Diagrams Over the years, many brands have used Venn Diagrams as a way to communicate their unique value proposition to their market. In this case, birds and bats are profiled by both their similarities and differences in a single visual. Venn Diagrams can also be used to indicate the shared and disparate characteristics of two things. As it turns out, 16 of these seemingly unrelated items share the same abbreviation. Unlike some of the abstract concepts shown in other examples, this diagram is actually depicting two finite sets: the abbreviations of the US states and the symbols of the chemical elements in the periodic table. This is actually a great example of how Venn Diagrams are used in Set theory. It's true, not all circles are diagrams and not all diagrams involve circles, but Venn Diagrams exist at the intersection of these things. This one is a bit tongue-in-cheek, but demonstrates how the Venn Diagram can be used to show a more qualitative association between of overlapping concepts.
The examples below help show some of these unique uses of the Venn Diagram. Venn Diagrams are a powerful visual aid, and they are somewhat unique in that they can be used to effectively represent the mathematical magnitude of an overlap, as well as conceptual overlaps of ideas or other qualitative things. Each circle represents a population of some sort, and the diagram then is able to visually represent three distinct groups: things only in population A, things only in population B, and things that belong to both populations. In the most common cases, like the one above, this is takes the form of two overlapping circles. Venn Diagrams consist of multiple overlapping closed curves. However, when most of us encounter Venn Diagrams they are being used to depict a specific simple concept: The overlap between two populations. Sources like Wikipedia provide a somewhat complex mathematical definition of the Venn Diagram that comes from the world of Set theory.
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